To convey real property, which document is required?

The document required to convey real property is a deed. A deed is a legal instrument that formally transfers ownership of real estate from one party to another. It includes essential information such as the names of the grantor (the seller) and grantee (the buyer), a description of the property, and the signature of the grantor.

When a deed is executed and delivered, it signifies that the grantor intends to convey ownership of the property and that the grantee accepts that conveyance. The deed is then typically recorded in the county clerk's office, making the transfer of ownership a matter of public record, which protects the grantee's interests in the property.

In contrast, a contract is an agreement to enter into a transaction but does not itself transfer ownership. A lease pertains to the rental of property for a specified period and does not confer ownership rights. An affidavit is a sworn statement that can be used in various legal proceedings but does not serve the purpose of transferring property ownership. Thus, the deed is the specific document necessary for the conveyance of real property.